The Role Of Artificial Intelligence In Criminal Investigations And Justice : Ethical ,Legal And Practical Implications

Abstract

This study aims to systematically evaluate the ethical, legal, and practical implications of integrating Artificial Intelligence (AI) into criminal investigations and the justice system. By employing a mathematical modeling approach, we seek to provide insights that assist policymakers and stakeholders in making informed decisions about AI deployment in these sensitive areas. The research focuses on assessing four AI applications within the criminal justice system. A Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) framework was utilized to evaluate the AI applications. Each criterion was assigned a weight reflecting its relative importance. The AI applications were scored against these criteria on a scale of 1 (lowest) to 5 (highest). Weighted scores were calculated by multiplying each criterion's score by its assigned weight and summing the results for each application. The MCDA revealed that Natural Language Processing for Document Analysis (NLPDA) is the most favorable AI application, achieving the highest weighted score of 4.5 out of 5. NLPDA demonstrated a strong balance between high effectiveness and adherence to ethical and legal standards, along with positive public trust and cost efficiency. Predictive Policing Algorithms (PPA) and Automated Decision-Making Tools (ADM) both scored 2.75, indicating moderate effectiveness but significant ethical and legal challenges. Facial Recognition Systems (FRS) scored the lowest at 2.65, primarily due to substantial ethical and legal concerns that diminish public trust despite high effectiveness.