The Effect Of COP Progression Velocity Among Gait Phases On Walking Velocity In Elderly With And Without Cognitive Decline

Abstract

This study examined the relationship between gait speed and center of pressure (COP) progression velocity during different gait phases in elderly individuals with and without cognitive impairment. Sixty elderly participants (≥65 years) were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. They were divided into two groups: 30 without cognitive decline (EWOCD) and 30 with cognitive decline (EWCD). Gait metrics, including speed, cadence, and COP progression velocity, were measured using the F-Scan system during steady-state walking. The stance phase was segmented into four sub-phases: loading response, mid-stance, terminal stance, and pre-swing. Relationships between gait speed and COP progression velocity were assessed using Pearson’s correlation and multiple regression analyses. The EWCD group exhibited significantly slower gait speeds, reduced cadence, and lower COP progression velocities compared to the EWOCD group (p < 0.05). In the EWOCD group, mid-stance COP progression velocity was the most significant predictor of gait speed (F = 6.367, p < 0.05, R² = 0.185). Conversely, in the EWCD group, COP progression velocities during the loading response, mid-stance, and pre-swing phases significantly predicted gait speed (F = 7.669, p < 0.05, R² = 0.551). Mid-stance COP progression velocity had the greatest influence on gait speed in the EWCD group. Mid-stance COP progression velocity is a key determinant of walking speed in elderly individuals, particularly those with cognitive decline. Enhancing mid-stance stability may improve mobility in this population.