Early Christian Church and the Byzantine Art: Inspiring Contemporary Christian Architectures and Arts in Nigeria

Abstract

This paper explores the profound influence of the early Christian church and Byzantine arts on contemporary Christian architecture and artistic expressions in Nigeria. It examines the historical development of Christian iconography, architectural styles, and liturgical practices that originated in the early church and evolved through the Byzantine period. By analyzing selected case studies of modern Nigerian churches and artworks, the study highlights how these ancient traditions have been reinterpreted and adapted to reflect local cultural contexts and contemporary societal values. Additionally, the research investigates the role of these artistic forms in fostering community identity and spiritual engagement among Nigerian Christians. Ultimately, this exploration underscores the continuity and transformation of Christian artistic heritage, illustrating its relevance and vitality in the modern Nigerian landscape. Byzantine art focuses exclusively on religious expression, particularly on the precise interpretation of church dogma in artistic form. The styles of architecture and painting that emerged from these concerns were characterized by uniformity and anonymity, as they were developed within a strict tradition and polished over time. This article examines the significance of Byzantine art, costume liturgy, chant, music, architecture, and painting in relation to the contemporary Christian church in Nigeria. The study applies a qualitative research methodology and anchors its theoretical framework on cross-cultural architectural semiotics, drawing on Mead's cultural translation and Bourdieu’s field theory. It views church architecture as a symbolic code conveying religious meaning, shaped by the interaction between Byzantine legacy and Nigerian socio-cultural norms. The major findings reveal a growing interest in integrating Byzantine-inspired elements such as domes, mosaics, iconographic art, and cruciform layouts with indigenous materials and symbolism. Recommendations include greater theological and architectural literacy among stakeholders, expanding local craftsmanship training in mosaic and iconography, and developing a national guideline for culturally resonant sacred design.