Challanges to the Implementation of Spatial Planning Law in Kupang City

Abstract

The research aims to examine the inconsistency between the spatial planning norms of the City of Kupang and their implementation by the community and relevant officials, which has resulted in weak control over spatial functions in the City of Kupang. Such misalignment has led to deviations from the Regional Spatial Plan Regulation (Perda RTRW) of the City of Kupang, including changes in land utilization within the city.In addressing this issue, the study employs two theoretical frameworks corresponding to the research questions: (i) the theory of the formation of criminal law norms (the formulation of legal rules within statutory provisions), and (ii) aspects of empirical legal theory (synchronization of law, emphasizing the conformity of legal norms with the legal behavior of society) in the field of spatial law.The study reveals that the legal provisions of the Kupang City Spatial Plan (RTRW) are grounded in traditional development patterns. Meanwhile, the community is currently in a state of transition—from reliance on localized socio-economic activities to engagement in social and economic life increasingly mediated by advanced communication technologies.