Privacy Statement

The names and email addresses entered in this journal site will be used exclusively for the stated purposes of this journal and will not be made available for any other purpose or to any other party.

ETHICS AND MALPRACTICE STATEMENT

Our Journals have COPE’s Core Practices for scholarly publishing as reference. It is expected that authors, reviewers and editors will follow these guidelines on ethical conduct.

EDITOR RESPONSIBILITIES

IMPARTIALITY
The editor will assess submissions to the journal based solely on the intellectual content of the manuscripts, without considering factors such as race, gender, sexual orientation, religious beliefs, ethnic origin, citizenship, or political philosophy of the author(s).

EDITORIAL RESPONSIBILITY
The editor of a peer-reviewed journal holds the responsibility of determining the suitability of submitted articles for publication and is accountable for all content published in the journal. When making publishing decisions, the editor takes guidance from the journal's Scientific Committee. If a submitted manuscript raises potential ethical concerns or involves practices that could be ethically problematic, the editor may seek additional review from the journal's ethics coordinator. Collaboration with members of the Scientific Committee is encouraged during publication decisions. The editor upholds the integrity of the academic record, ensures that intellectual and ethical standards are not compromised by business needs, and is committed to publishing necessary corrections, clarifications, retractions, and apologies.

MAINTAINING CONFIDENTIALITY
The editor and the editorial staff are obligated to maintain strict confidentiality regarding submitted manuscripts. They shall refrain from discussing the contents of a submitted manuscript with anyone other than the corresponding author, reviewers, potential reviewers, and, when necessary, members of the journal's Scientific Committee and the publisher. This confidentiality extends to protecting the identity and personal information of the author and reviewers from each other, as part of ensuring the integrity of the double-blind review process employed by the journal.

DISCLOSURE, CONFLICTS OF INTEREST, AND ADDITIONAL MATTERS
The editor do adhere to the guidelines provided by COPE (Committee on Publication Ethics) when evaluating the need for retracting articles, expressing concerns, and issuing corrections relating to published articles. Confidential information or ideas obtained through the peer review process shall be treated as privileged and shall not be exploited for personal gain.

ENSURING EDITORIAL INDEPENDENCE
The editor is dedicated to upholding the integrity of editorial decisions by ensuring that advertising, reprinting, or any other commercial revenue sources do not exert influence. The editor strives to maintain a fair and appropriate peer review process. In situations where conflicts of interest arise due to competitive, collaborative, or other relationships with authors, companies, or institutions associated with the submitted manuscripts, editors will recuse themselves from the evaluation process and refer the manuscript to a member of the Scientific Committee for review. Editors also require all contributors to disclose any relevant competing interests, and corrections shall be published if competing interests are revealed after publication. If necessary, appropriate actions, such as retractions or expressions of concern, will be taken.

ENGAGEMENT AND COLLABORATION IN INVESTIGATIONS
Editors have a responsibility to uphold the integrity of the published record by promptly addressing and rectifying any necessary corrections or retractions. They are committed to investigating suspected or alleged instances of research and publication misconduct. Editors actively pursue cases of reviewer and editorial misconduct as well. Furthermore, editors take appropriate and responsive actions when ethical complaints are raised regarding a submitted manuscript or a published paper.

RESPONSIBILITIES OF REVIEWERS

CONTRIBUTION TO EDITORIAL DECISIONS
Peer review plays a crucial role in assisting the editor with editorial decisions and should also aim to help authors improve their manuscripts through editorial communication.

TIMELINESS
If an invited referee feels inadequate to review a manuscript for any reason or anticipates being unable to review it within the given timeframe, they should promptly notify the editor. This allows for the engagement of alternative reviewers.

CONFIDENTIALITY
All manuscripts received for review must be treated as confidential documents. Reviewers are prohibited from showing or discussing manuscripts with others unless authorized by the editor. In such cases, all communication regarding the manuscript must go through the editor.

STANDARDS OF OBJECTIVITY
Reviews should be conducted objectively, and personal criticisms of the author are unacceptable. Reviewers should express their opinions clearly, supported by appropriate arguments. To ensure an objective and comprehensive review process, a manuscript may be reviewed by multiple reviewers simultaneously.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT OF SOURCES
Reviewers should identify relevant published works that have not been cited by the authors. Any statement referring to a previously reported observation, derivation, or argument should be accompanied by the appropriate citation. Reviewers should also bring to the editor's attention any substantial similarities or overlaps between the manuscript under review and other published data within their personal knowledge.

ETHICAL CONCERNS
If a submitted manuscript contains information that could raise ethical concerns or if the reviewer deems the underlying work to involve potential ethical issues, they should inform the editor. The editor may subsequently refer the submission to the journal's ethics coordinator for further review.

DISCLOSURE AND CONFLICTS OF INTEREST
Reviewers must maintain the confidentiality of privileged information or ideas acquired through the peer review process and refrain from using them for personal gain. Reviewers should recuse themselves from evaluating manuscripts in which they have conflicts of interest, such as competitive, collaborative, or other relationships or connections with the authors, companies, or institutions associated with the submission.

RESPONSIBILITIES OF AUTHORS

REPORTING STANDARDS
Authors of original research must provide an accurate account of the research process and present an objective discussion of its significance. The manuscript should accurately represent the underlying data, and it should include sufficient detail and references to allow others to critically assess the findings and replicate the research. Any fraudulent or deliberately inaccurate statements or misrepresentations of research results are considered unethical and may result in disciplinary measures, potentially including exclusion from publishing.

ORIGINALITY AND PLAGIARISM
Authors are responsible for producing and submitting entirely original works. If authors have used the work of others, they must appropriately acknowledge and cite those sources in the submitted manuscript.

MULTIPLE, REDUNDANT, OR CONCURRENT PUBLICATION
Authors should generally not submit the same manuscript to more than one journal or primary publication. Submitting the same manuscript to multiple journals or publication outlets without the agreement of all involved editors is considered unethical publishing behavior and may result in disciplinary measures, potentially including exclusion from publishing.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT OF SOURCES
Authors must always provide full and correct citations for any sources used in the research and manuscript. Additionally, authors should acknowledge any significant indirect influences relevant to the submitted manuscript.

AUTHORSHIP OF A MANUSCRIPT
Authorship should be limited to those who have made substantial contributions to the conception, design, execution, or interpretation of the manuscript. All significant contributors should be listed as co-authors. If others have participated in specific substantive aspects of the research project, they should be acknowledged in the manuscript's Acknowledgement section. The corresponding author is responsible for ensuring that all appropriate co-authors (as per the above definition) are included in the author list, and that all co-authors have reviewed and approved the final version of the paper and agreed to its submission for publication.

HAZARDS AND HUMAN OR ANIMAL SUBJECTS
If the submitted article is based on work that involves hazardous chemicals, procedures, equipment, or experiments with human or animal subjects, the author must clearly indicate this when submitting the manuscript. The author must also provide any necessary proof of approval from an independent ethics committee. Even if the work has been reviewed by a local ethics committee, the journal editor may refer the submission to the journal's ethics coordinator for further review.

DISCLOSURE AND CONFLICTS OF INTEREST
All authors must explicitly disclose any financial or other substantive conflicts of interest that could potentially influence the results or interpretation of the data in their manuscript. Any sources of financial support for the project must be disclosed.

FUNDAMENTAL ERRORS IN PUBLISHED WORKS
If an author discovers a significant error or inaccuracy in their published work, they are obligated to promptly inform the journal's editor(s) and cooperate in either retracting the paper or publishing an appropriate erratum.

PUBLISHER'S CONFIRMATION
In cases of alleged or proven scientific misconduct, fraudulent publication, or plagiarism, the publisher, in collaboration with the editor(s), will take appropriate measures to investigate and address the situation. This may include promptly publishing an erratum or, in severe cases, retracting the affected work entirely.